آسیای کوچک (آنتالیا، سرزمین ترکیه) و آسیای میانه (لوانت: سوریه، لبنان، اردن، فلسطین/اسرائیل، عراق) منطقهای است که مسیحیت در آن زاده و شکل گرفت. امروزه مسیحیان در اینجا شامل اقلیتهای کهن و فزایندهای هستند که سنتهای منحصر به فرد و اغلب بهخالقیدونی را حفظ میکنند. سینهچالینگ آنها نه تنها جشن مذهبی است، بلکه عملی از بقا فرهنگی و قومی-مذهبی است، جایی که رitus به عنوان کد یادگیری و مقاومت در برابر همجوشی عمل میکند. جشنگیری در شرایط ناپایداری سیاسی، مهاجرت و گاهی تهدید مستقیم انجام میشود.
روسی (پاتریارکهای آنتیوخ، اورشلیم، کنستانتینوپل): یونانیها، مسلمانان-روسی، اقلیتهای کوچک در ترکیه.
کلیساهای دیرینه شرقی (بهخالقیدونی):
کلیسای آپوستولیک ارمنی (ارمنستان، دیاسپور در ترکیه، لبنان، سوریه، عراق).
کلیسای ارتدوکس سوری (یاکوتی) و کلیسای سورو-یاکوتی (سوریه، ترکیه).
کلیسای ارتدوکس کپت (مصر، اما از لحاظ تاریخی با منطقه در ارتباط است).
کلیسای شرقی کاتولیک (مارونیت، ملکیت، هالده و غیره)، که شرحی شرقی را در ارتباط با رم حفظ میکنند.
جوامع پروتستانی، که در قرنهای XIX-XX به وجود آمدهاند.
با وجود تفاوتها، عناصر متحدکنندهای وجود دارد که به عملهای قدیمی ریشه دارند.
روزهداری سخت (روزه ریزدگی): برای بیشتر کلیساها، دوره روزهداری ۴۰ روز طول میکشد. ۶ ژانویه (یا ۵ ژانویه، بسته به تقویم) روز بیشترین воздержانی است. در ارمنیها این روز آخر روزهداری «آرچاوارکورک» است. غذای فقط گیاهی و بدون روغن است. این نه تنها انضباط است، بلکه مشارکت مقدس در انتظار ظهور است.
مراسم به عنوان رویداد اصلی: برخلاف مدل غربی با شام خانوادگی، مرکزیت بر مراسم طولانی، اغلب شبانه است. این نه «مessen» است، بلکه مجموعهای پیچیده از مراسم: عشایر بزرگ، صبحگاه، مراسم مقدس. در ارمنیها صبح ۵ ژانویه مراسم «چرگالویتس» (زنگانی لامپها) برگزار میشود که نور ستاره ویفله را نماد میکند.
ارمنیها
«تاشنادریک» (Տաշնադրիկ) یا «خندروواچ»: شب ۵ ژانویه (روز پیش از کریسمس و کрещتن، که در ۶ ژانویه جشن گرفته میشود). خانوادهها در کنار میز جمع میشوند که در آن جا برای «کچار» (آش پاستا) با خشخاش، بادام و میوه خشک و ماهی پخته شده اختصاص داده شده است. رئیس خانواده بخشی از کتاب مقدس درباره کریسمس میخواند.
«چرگالویتس»: پس از شام، همه چراغهای خانه روشن میشوند، نماد نور خداوند مسیح. بچهها هدایا دریافت میکنند. در دیاسپور (درcllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllccllcc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